Golf handicap

Everything we've written on the World Handicap System, in one place. Free calculators, plain-English explainers, all cited to the R&A, USGA, and England Golf.

A golf handicap is the system that lets a 24-handicap and a scratch player tee off on the same Saturday and have a fair competition. It works because every round you submit gets normalised against the course you played, the tees you played, and the conditions on the day. The number that comes out is your Handicap Index.

The World Handicap System (WHS) replaced six older regional systems in 2020 — the USGA system in the US, CONGU in GB&I, and others across Europe, Australasia, and South Africa. It is now the single common system worldwide. Your Index is portable. When you play a different course, you convert it to a Course Handicap for that course's tees, and apply a format-specific allowance to get your Playing Handicap.

The pages below are everything we've written on how the system actually works, with calculators that follow the published formulas and articles that link to the source documents at the bottom of each page.

Calculators

Explainers

Common questions

What is a golf handicap?
A golf handicap is a number that represents your demonstrated playing ability under the World Handicap System (WHS). The lower the handicap, the better the player. Your Handicap Index is the portable number you carry; it gets converted to a Course Handicap for the specific tees you're playing.
What's a good golf handicap?
Under WHS, the average male amateur handicap globally sits around 14-15, and the average female amateur around 26-27 (USGA published figures). A single-digit handicap puts you in roughly the top 20% of amateurs. Scratch (0) or plus is rare — fewer than 2% of registered amateurs.
How do I get a golf handicap in the UK?
Join an England Golf affiliated club (most full member clubs are) and submit at least 54 holes of acceptable scores — three 18-hole rounds, or six 9-hole rounds, or any combination totaling 54 holes. Your club's WHS portal will publish your Handicap Index automatically.
How is a Handicap Index calculated?
The average of the best 8 of your last 20 Score Differentials, rounded to 1 decimal place. Each Score Differential normalises one round onto a 113-Slope scale using the Adjusted Gross Score, Course Rating, and any Playing Conditions Calculation (PCC) adjustment. See the full breakdown in our explainer linked below.
What is the maximum hole score for handicap purposes?
Net Double Bogey: par + 2 + any handicap strokes you receive on the hole. This replaced the older Equitable Stroke Control (ESC) when WHS launched in 2020. It prevents a single disaster hole from skewing your Index.